Purgatory: A Biblical Perspective

by Nelson Dominic Lobo

God is the same yesterday, today and forever. The following is written to explain how God --- who expelled the rebellious angels from Heaven, as well as Adam and Eve from the Garden of Eden --- will treat those who are not as perfect and holy as the Heavenly Father. What follows also attempts to explain (a) the necessity for Purgatory, (b) why most people will have to suffer for a time there, as well as (c) why it is false to believe that many Christians will be rewarded at death with "being absent in the flesh, present with The Lord" (a well-known Protestant saying which denies the existence of Purgatory).

As a preamble, I have raised the following questions.

A If a Christian leads others astray who eventually become condemned to Hell, will this repentant Christian perpetrator be rewarded with "being absent in the flesh, present with the Lord?"

B. What is the reason for Jesus' death when there are countless persons who have never sinned as in the case of babies that have died in infancy?

C. If Jesus took our sins upon Himself, why is Hell still a reality, and why did the "other" thief on the cross not be rewarded with Paradise?

D. Why does the Holy Spirit convict us of our sins if we are going to go to Heaven anyway?

E. Why does 1 John 5:17 differentiate non-deadly sin from deadly sin?

F. Why did Paul call for the expulsion of brothers and members of the Faith community (1Cor.5:1-13) who were sinners? Will Baptism alone seal against the judgment Day of the Lord?

G. If Jesus, our Saviour and Judge, declared that the gate to Heaven is narrow and that few are those that find it (Matthew 7:14), why do some people believe that many will be graced at death with "being absent in the flesh, present with the Lord"?

I will attempt to answer these questions below by focusing primarily on the words of Jesus in the Gospels. This is because Jesus is "The Word" and the incarnate Spokesperson of our Heavenly Father.

"It would be better for anyone who leads astray one of these little ones who believe in me, to be drowned by a millstone around his neck, in the depths of the sea." (Matthew 18:6). Christ's sacrifice was a perfect one. There is a guarantee of forgiveness for any and all sins. However, Christ expresses total displeasure with the above perpetrator. The term "astray" defines one who is subsequently DAMNED in everlasting Hell. There is NO way, NO how that the perpetrator will be rewarded with "being absent in the flesh, present with the Lord." And what if MORE than one little one is led astray?? Indeed, it would be a "strange" God who welcomes such a person as a "good and faithful servant" especially when Jesus declared that it is "better to enter life maimed or crippled than to cause scandal!" (Matthew 18:8).

Jesus stated in Matthew 5:17 that he had not come to abolish the Law but to fulfill it or "full-fill" it. His three (the number 3 represents the Trinity) years of ministry perfected the Mosaic
"letter of the law" (which prohibited murder and adultery) by bringing it to a new "spirit of the law" forbidding even anger and looking at a person with lust (Matthew chapter 5), while insisting even on the love of enemies. As "we must be perfect as the Heavenly Father" (Matthew 5:48), Jesus becomes "the Way" and the example of perfection to us. For only perfection can dwell with perfection.

Why did Jesus sacrifice Himself on the cross? St. Paul declares in Romans 3:23 that "all men have sinned and are deprived of the glory of God." Yet, if sin is defined as the willful disobedience of God's Laws and precepts, there are countless souls who could NEVER have sinned because their will to sin had never been developed. Indeed, babies who die in infancy, aborted babies who have never even seen the light of day, and persons born mentally deranged are examples of such sinless souls. Mary, too, was sinless as declared by the angel. "The Lord is with you." (Lk 1:28) It is because sin causes separation from God. And Rom 5:14 states that there were "those who had not sinned by breaking a precept as did Adam." As a whole, however, St. Paul declared all men sinners because "through Adam's disobedience [or original sin] all became sinners" (Romans 5:19). Certainly, Jesus the last and spiritual Adam (1 Cor. 15:45), came to atone for the sin of the first and natural Adam (Romans 5:19) whose sin was laid on the rest of mankind. Apparently, it is only the sacrifice of the Perfect Son of God that our sins against the Perfect Father in Heaven can be properly atoned. Moreover, Jesus' death has made Divine reconciliation readily available to all. It has also opened the gate to Heaven which was closed after Adam's transgression.

Does this mean that human reconciliation is irrelevant?
Isaiah 53:5 states: "By his stripes we were healed." Clearly, perfect healing on all levels has not occurred yet. Therefore our personal sins like our bodily health are still our responsibility and we are still accountable for reconciling with one another. If God forgave our sins with all impunity (e.g., those who cheat on their spouses and did untold harm to children), He would cease to be fair and just to the victims. He would be playing favoritism, giving the message that it was all right to be a DEVIL. Yet Hell, not Heaven, was made for the devils.

Jesus declared that the God of the Beatitudes rewards and favours those who are disadvantaged. These are usually the victims and those who are sinned against. It is certainly not this God who will reward sinners and perpetrators with "being absent in the flesh, present with the Lord."

Jesus also confirmed in the Parable of the Corrupt Judge (Luke 18:1-8) that people go to extraordinary lengths to seek human justice. And that God WILL render Divine Justice.

"My Heavenly Father will NOT forgive you unless you forgive your brother from your heart." (Matthew 18:35).
This brings me to the topic of PURGATORY and why human reconciliation is a prerequisite to entering heaven.

The following are further points to be noticed:

1. Earthly joys and sorrows are limited compared to those of the next world.

2. The Father's reward is given to those who do prayers and good works privately without public display - Matthew chapter 6.

3. In Mark 13:19, Jesus stated that the "last days" would be an unprecedented time of human distress, a veritable "purgatory-on-earth", when the "Rapture" or the bodily ascension of some will occur (Matthew 24:40-41). ONLY in those days will some Christians be rewarded with "being absent in the flesh, present with The Lord" and their corruptible bodies will be changed to incorruptible ones (cf. 1Cor 15:50-53).

4. Perfection illustrated.
Humans can be compared to glasses of water. The more water the glass holds, the less air there is in it and vice-versa. Water represents our fundamental evil human nature that is usually visible; and the air represents our spiritual and mostly invisible nature. Perfection consists in overcoming our base selves so that there is an abundance of "air" and a minimum amount of "water" in our lives. Then we can say with St. Paul that "the life I live now is not my own; Christ is living in me" - (Galatians 2:20). For only spirit can dwell with spirit, and perfection with perfection in Heavenly harmony.

5. Catholics are accused of being severe and too concerned with the rigours of Divine justice and human penances, instead of basking in the sunshine of God's Love and Mercy. The cross is the proof of God's unconditional love and forgiveness, which we are often reminded of. Yet God is the Father of all people and has to be fair to all because Justice and Mercy are His attributes. He is the same God who hates sin so much that He dismissed the rebellious angels from Heaven and Adam and Eve from the Garden of Eden. So far-reaching is the effect of sin that the present-day conflict between the Jews and Arabs can be traced to Abraham's adultery with Haggar thousands of years ago. In Genesis we learn that God created everything "GOOD." Yet to reach Heaven, we must become "PERFECT." This requires rigourous "pruning" as stated by Jesus in John 15:2 and "scourging" as stated by Paul in Hebrews 12:6.

6. What can we learn from the life of Christ?
The Gospels reveal who Jesus was and the things He said and did. And that He fasted for 40 days and nights and that constant prayer and Temple worship were the pillars of His life. Besides, He raised the dead, cured the sick, fed the hungry, expelled demons and preached the good news. He was the God-made-man who declared that "if you wish to be My disciple, take up your CROSS and follow Me." Thus His message to us was and is to make the cross the summit of our lives primarily through prayer, fasting, temple worship, good works and proclamation of the Gospel.

7. Jesus declared in John 14:26 that "The Holy Spirit whom The Father will send in My name, will instruct you in EVERYTHING." On Pentecost, The Holy Spirit launched the Church 2,000 years ago and guided it as "the pillar and bulwark of truth" (1 Timothy 3:15).
Since then the Church has guarded "the rich deposit of faith" (2 Timothy 1:14) and has held "fast to the traditions received either by word (oral) or by letter (written/epistle)" - 2 Thessalonians 2:15. The Church therefore teaches the Catholic Faith according to the Scripture and her sacred tradition. Scripture itself confirms the veracity of this position in John 16:12-13, John 21:25, 2 John 13, and 3 John 13-14. It also confirms that, while all the apostles were commissioned by Jesus to go out and preach, there is nothing in the Bible containing epistles and letters from Andrew, Philip, Bartholomew, Thomas, James son of Alphaeus, Simon the Zealot, Judas son of James or Matthias who replaced Judas Iscariot. Surely, these men who were filled with the Holy Spirit on Pentecost, had some important things to say. And St. Paul states in 2 Corinthians 5:7 that "we walk by Faith, not by sight." Therefore, though the word "Purgatory" is not stated in The Bible, its existence is confirmed by various Biblical references. Hades in the New Testament or Sheol in the Old Testament which is the holding place or jail, is its closest approximation and is different from the word JEHANNA which refers to hell. Moreover, we know that words can be written and spoken, and Catholic tradition is a broad-base inclusive of both. The "doubting Thomas" who declared that his belief was solely based on sight and touch would be left far behind in Catholicism. Ultimately, Catholicism goes beyond the "Letter" to reach the "Spirit" of Faith and Belief.

8. According to Scripture, the younger brother was restored to his place in the household, enjoying the gaze of his father. However, if we carry the parable of the Prodigal Son to its logical conclusion, we would find that every time when the younger brother would cross the path of his older brother, he might be harshly reminded that he had no inheritance and that once their father passed away, he would be better off at the place where he was before he returned home. This could never happen in Heaven. Therefore, Purgatory is certainly the "Great Purifier" wherein we are emptied of our trespasses and our unforgiveness so that we can then proceed to Heaven purified and perfected.

9. Jesus declared in Jn 8:34-35 that Heavenly sonship and inheritance are bestowed only on those free of sin.

10. If the September 11, 2001 terrorist act in New York city was perpetrated by Christians, would GRACE, cheap or otherwise, save them? In other words, can anybody act in an unchristian way and lay claim to the promise of salvation?

11. Those who believe that they can be devils and go straight to heaven are obviously taken in.… by the devil.

CONCLUSION

Finally, Jesus has a message of Salvation to all professing Christians in Matthew 7:21 "Not all who cry out 'Lord, Lord,' will enter the Kingdom Of God but only the one who DOES the will of My Heavenly Father." This certainly consists in deeds of Love: "For I was hungry...enter into My Father's Kingdom."(Matthew 25:31-46).

When we give alms, we obtain a merit and the recipient receives a benefit. Matthew chapter 6 confirms that all our good works, fasting and prayers will merit a reward from our Heavenly Father. And we can offer up these merits to our heavenly Father for the benefit of both the living and those in Purgatory!

The Eucharistic celebration of the Mass confers the highest merit and benefit. Our Masses, prayer, sufferings and good works can go a long way in reducing and even canceling our Purgatorial debt,
for Love and Charity cover a multitude of sins.